Sleep deprivation in patients with heart failure: A literature review

Abstract

Background: Sleep deprivation in patients with heart failure can negatively deteriorate its condition.

Purpose: Identify the sleep deprivation in patients with heart failure (HF) and related factors, and the impact of sleep deprivation.

Method: literature review of quantitative studies. The search strategy employs terms relevant to the research question: HF, sleep deprivation on HF patients. Inclusion criteria papers had to be published in English after 2013 to 2023. 3 databases were searched (Pubmed, Ovid, Ebscohost).

Results: 12 studies were identified (cross-sectional (9 studies) secondary from longitudinal observational (2 studies), randomized controlled trial (1 study). Total patients with HF in all studies are 2359 samples.The most questionnaire to measure sleep deprivation used over the papers are Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).PSQI mean score range from 5.04 (2.80) to 12.29 (3.91). The prevalence of sleep deprivation ranges from 36.5% to 98.8%. The related factors with sleep deprivation including older age, women, living in urban, lower employment, smoking, high BMI, HF condition, sleep factors, anxious, depressive, and stress. The consequences of sleep deprivation such as lower self-care behavior, self-confidence, attention, increasing pain, shorter cardiac event-free survival, functional outcome, prognosis, quality of life, increase unplanned hospitalization risks, poorer perfomance in cognitive in adults and worse perfomance on cognitive.

Conclusion: Sleep deprivation in HF is higher and related with demographic, HF related factors, lifestyle, sleep factors, and psychosocial. The consequences of sleep deprivation have adverse effects on psychosocial and cognitive.