Efektivitas relaksasi otot progresif terhadap tingkat afterpains pasca melahirkan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v18i8.492Abstract
Background: Mothers in the first 24 hours after giving birth will experience many physiological physical changes and cause a lot of discomfort in the early postpartum period, which does not rule out the possibility of becoming pathological if not followed by good care. Although considered normal, this discomfort can cause significant physical distress. One of the discomforts experienced by postpartum mothers is afterpains, which is a cramp-like pain caused by uterine muscle contractions that can last for 3-4 days after delivery. Relaxation is the most commonly used method of pain control, progressive muscle relaxation is a combination of controlled breathing exercises with a series of muscle contractions and relaxation.
Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation on the level of afterpains in postpartum mothers.
Method: Quantitative approach research with a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with control group design, with a sample size of 30 respondents determined by accidental sampling technique. The level of afterpains was measured before and after the intervention using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to assess the pain scale. The analysis used was the Mann Whitney U Test.
Results: Based on the Mann Whitney U test, a p value of 0.02 (<0.05) was obtained, which means that there was a significant difference between the level of afterpains progressive muscle relaxation was given in the control group and the intervention group.
Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation intervention is effective in reducing maternal pain levels after childbirth, thereby creating a sense of comfort.
Keywords: Afterpains; Post-Partum; Progressive Muscle Relaxation.
Pendahuluan: Ibu pada 24 jam pertama setelah bersalin akan mengalami banyak perubahan fisik yang bersifat fisiologis dan banyak memberikan ketidaknyamanan pada awal pasca melahirkan, tidak menutup kemungkinan untuk menjadi patologis bila tidak diikuti dengan perawatan yang baik. Meskipun dianggap normal, ketidaknyamanan tersebut dapat menyebabkan distres fisik yang bermakna. Ketidaknyaman yang dialami ibu pasca melahirkan (post partum) salah satunya adalah afterpains yaitu rasa nyeri seperti mulas-mulas disebabkan oleh kontraksi otot rahim yang dapat berlangsung selama 3-4 hari pasca melahirkan. Relaksasi merupakan cara pengendalian nyeri yang paling sering digunakan, relaksasi otot progresif adalah kombinasi latihan pernapasan yang terkontrol dengan rangkaian kontraksi dan relaksasi otot.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efektifitas relaksasi otot progresif terhadap tingkat afterpains pasca melahirkan.
Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasi experimen pre-post test diikuti kelompok kontrol. Besar sampel sebanyak 30 partisipan yang ditentukan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Tingkatan afterpains diukur sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) untuk menilai skala nyeri. Analisis yang digunakan adalah Mann Whitney U test.
Hasil: Berdasarkan Mann Whitney U Test diperoleh nilai p 0.02 (<0.05) yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara tingkat afterpains ibu sesudah diberikan relaksasi otot progresif kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok intervensi.
Simpulan: Pemberian relaksasi otot progresif efektif menurunkan tingkat afterpains pasca melahirkan, sehingga dapat menciptakan kenyamanan.
Kata Kunci: Afterpains; Pasca Melahirkan; Relaksasi Otot Progresif.
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